What determines the pitch of a sound?

The pitch of a sound is determined by its frequency, which refers to the number of sound wave cycles that occur in one second, measured in hertz (Hz). When the frequency is higher, the pitch is perceived as higher; conversely, lower frequencies result in lower pitches. This relationship between frequency and pitch is fundamental in the study of sound and is crucial for understanding how we perceive different notes and tones in music and speech.

Other factors like amplitude influence the loudness of the sound, but they do not affect its pitch. Velocity pertains more to the speed at which sound travels through a medium and does not directly impact perceived pitch. Duration refers to how long a sound lasts, which also does not play a role in determining pitch. Thus, frequency is the key characteristic that dictates how we perceive the pitch of a sound.