The nerve cells in the back of the eye that transmit neural impulses in response to chemical changes in the rods and cones are?

The correct answer is ganglion cells because they are the nerve cells in the retina that receive input from the bipolar cells, which in turn receive signals from the rods and cones. When light hits the photoreceptors (rods and cones), it triggers chemical changes that result in the generation of neural impulses. These impulses are then passed to bipolar cells and subsequently transmitted to ganglion cells.

Ganglion cells are crucial in processing visual information because they compile input from multiple bipolar cells, and their axons form the optic nerve, which carries the visual information from the eye to the brain. This pathway from rods and cones to bipolar cells and then to ganglion cells is essential for the transmission of visual signals, making ganglion cells a vital component in visual perception.

The other options mentioned do not fit the description accurately. Bipolar cells are important but do not transmit impulses to the brain; they connect photoreceptors to ganglion cells. "Optic cells" is not a standard term used in the context of visual processing. Foveal cells may refer to photoreceptors in the fovea, but they do not play the role of transmitting neural impulses to the brain as ganglion cells do.