How does cultural background influence susceptibility to the Müller-Lyer illusion?

Cultural background significantly influences susceptibility to the Müller-Lyer illusion, which is a well-documented phenomenon in the study of perception. The illusion comprises two lines of equal length, one with arrows pointing inwards and the other with arrows pointing outwards, leading people to perceive one line as longer than the other.

Individuals from cultures that primarily experience environments with straight lines and angles, such as industrialized societies, are more susceptible to this illusion. Their learned experiences and familiarity with rectangular structures shape how they interpret visual stimuli. Conversely, people from cultures with more rounded and organic structures may not experience the illusion as strongly due to different cognitive strategies developed in response to their environments.

In light of those points, mentioning cognitive strategies, learned experiences, and environmental factors separately illustrates that they all play a role in influencing how enclosed shapes and lines are perceived, and therefore, the correct answer encompasses all these aspects. Each of these elements interacts to shape perception, leading to variations in susceptibility to the Müller-Lyer illusion across different cultural backgrounds. This comprehensive understanding reinforces why the choice representing all the elements collectively is the most accurate.